View bacteriocin : Actagardine (Gardimycin)

 Bookmark and Share

Accession BAC012
Name Actagardine (Gardimycin)
Gene Unidentified
Class Lantibiotic
Producer Organism Actinoplanes liguriae [Gram-positive]
Taxonomy BacteriaActinobacteriaActinobacteridaeActinomycetalesMicromonosporineaeMicromonosporaceaeActinoplanes
Target organisms Gram-positive bacteria -

Has good antistreptococcal activity: streptococci - Streptococcus pyogenes
Swiss-Prot Entry P56650
PDB Entry 1AJ1 resolved by NMR
Other databases PIR A58700
Description Mode of action:
Lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic). The bactericidal activity of lantibiotics is based on depolarization of energized bacterial cytoplasmic membranes, initiated by the formation of aqueous transmembrane pores.

Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr, and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. The 14-19 beta-methyllanthionine thioether bond is oxidized to a sulfoxide. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor.
[Ref. 1] | View abstract | Export citation
PRELIMINARY PROTEIN SEQUENCE, AND STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=91008698;PubMed=2211371;
Kettenring J.K., Malabarba A., Vekey K., Cavalleri B.
"Sequence determination of actagardine, a novel lantibiotic, by homonuclear 2D NMR spectroscopy.", J. Antibiot. 43:1082-1088(1990).

[Ref. 2] | View abstract | Export citation
PROTEIN SEQUENCE, AND STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=95255286;PubMed=7737178;
Zimmermann N., Metzger J.W., Jung G.
"The tetracyclic lantibiotic actagardine. 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR assignments and revised primary structure.", Eur. J. Biochem. 228:786-797(1995).

[Ref. 3] | View abstract | Export citation
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=97363218;PubMed=9219543;
Zimmermann N., Jung G.
"The three-dimensional solution structure of the lantibiotic murein- biosynthesis-inhibitor actagardine determined by NMR.", Eur. J. Biochem. 246:809-819(1997).

Loading...
End Note
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Sequence
 ........10 ........20 
          |          | 
 SSGWVCTLTI ECGTVICAC
Wheel representation
Structure
Composition
Formula C81 H132 N20 O27 S4
Absent amino acids DFHKMNPQRY
Common amino acids C
Mass (Da) 1964.62
Net charge -1
Isoelectric point 3.85
Basic residues 0
Acidic residues 1
Hydrophobic residues 7
Polar residues 11
Aliphatic residues 5
Tiny residues 5
Boman Index 12.66
Hydropathy Index 1.27
Aliphatic Index 97.37
Instability Index 103.71 (unstable)
Half Life Mammalian : 1.9 hour
Yeast : >20 hour
E. coli : >10 hour
Extinction Coefficient 5750 M-1 cm-1
Absorbance 280nm 319.44
Red solid plot : values according to the hydrophobicity scale of Kyte and Doolittle (reference paper).


Yellow dashed plot : Experimentally determined hydrophobicity scale for proteins at membrane interfaces(reference paper).


Green dotted-dashed plot : prediction of transmembrane helices (reference paper). In this scale (unlike the others), more negative values reflect greater hydrophobicity.

Users comments for Actagardine (Gardimycin)

No comments found

Login or register to submit a comment for Actagardine (Gardimycin).