View bacteriocin : Mersacidin

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Accession BAC014
Name Mersacidin
Gene mrsA
Class Lantibiotic, type B
Producer Organism Bacillus sp (strain HIL-Y85/54728) [Gram-positive]
Taxonomy BacteriaFirmicutesBacillalesBacillaceaeBacillus
Target organisms Gram-positive bacteria
Swiss-Prot Entry P43683
PDB Entry 1QOW resolved by X-ray. 1MQX resolved by NMR. 1MQY resolved by NMR. 1MQZ resolved by NMR.
Other databases EMBL Z47559EMBL AJ250862
Description Mode of action:
Acts at the level of cell wall biosynthesis by interfering with bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Specifically inhibits the conversion of the lipid II intermediate into polymeric nascent glycan strands by transglycosylation. May interact with the peptidoglycan precursor rather than with the enzyme.

Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr, and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. The carboxy-terminal beta-methyllanthionine undergoes decarboxylation. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor.
[Ref. 1] | View abstract | Export citation
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
MEDLINE=95255620;PubMed=7737474;DOI=10.1016/0378-1097(95)00048-A
Bierbaum G., Broetz H., Koller K.-P., Sahl H.-G.
"Cloning, sequencing and production of the lantibiotic mersacidin.", FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 127:121-126(1995).

[Ref. 2] | View abstract | Export citation
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
MEDLINE=20292831;PubMed=10831439;DOI=10.1128/AEM.66.6.2565-2571.2000
Altena K., Guder A., Cramer C., Bierbaum G.
"Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic mersacidin: organization of a type B lantibiotic gene cluster.", Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:2565-2571(2000).

[Ref. 3] | View abstract | Export citation
CHARACTERIZATION.
MEDLINE=97354189;PubMed=9210483;
Broetz H., Bierbaum G., Reynolds P.E., Sahl H.-G.
"The lantibiotic mersacidin inhibits peptidoglycan biosynthesis at the level of transglycosylation.", Eur. J. Biochem. 246:193-199(1997).

[Ref. 4] | View abstract | Export citation
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=97234581;PubMed=9119018;
Prasch T., Naumann T., Markert R.L.M., Sattler M., Schubert W., Schaal S., Bauch M., Kogler H., Gresinger C.
"Constitution and solution conformation of the antibiotic mersacidin determined by NMR and molecular dynamics.", Eur. J. Biochem. 244:501-512(1997).

[Ref. 5] | View abstract | Export citation
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.06 ANGSTROMS).
MEDLINE=20280185;PubMed=10818347;DOI=10.1107/S0907444900003711
Schneider T.R., Karcher J., Pohl E., Lubini P., Sheldrick G.M.
"Ab initio structure determination of the lantibiotic mersacidin.", Acta Crystallogr. D 56:705-713(2000).

[Ref. 6] | View abstract | Export citation
PROTEIN STRUCTURE.
PubMed=12562773;
Hsu, S.-T., Breukink, E., Bierbaum, G., Sahl, H.-G., de Kruijff, B., Kaptein, R., van Nuland, N.A., Bonvin, A.M.
"NMR study of mersacidin and lipid II interaction in dodecylphosphocholine micelles. Conformational changes are a key to antimicrobial activity", J.Biol.Chem. (2003) 278: 13110-13117.

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Sequence
 ........10 ........20 ........30 
          |          |          | 
 CTFTLPGGGG VCTLTSECIC
Wheel representation
Structure
Composition
Formula C81 H132 N20 O28 S4
Absent amino acids ADHKMNQRWY
Common amino acids CGT
Mass (Da) 1980.63
Net charge -1
Isoelectric point 3.85
Basic residues 0
Acidic residues 1
Hydrophobic residues 5
Polar residues 13
Aliphatic residues 4
Tiny residues 5
Boman Index 10.17
Hydropathy Index 0.94
Aliphatic Index 73
Instability Index 108.01 (unstable)
Half Life Mammalian : 1.2 hour
Yeast : >20 hour
E. coli : >10 hour
Extinction Coefficient 250 M-1 cm-1
Absorbance 280nm 13.16
Red solid plot : values according to the hydrophobicity scale of Kyte and Doolittle (reference paper).


Yellow dashed plot : Experimentally determined hydrophobicity scale for proteins at membrane interfaces(reference paper).


Green dotted-dashed plot : prediction of transmembrane helices (reference paper). In this scale (unlike the others), more negative values reflect greater hydrophobicity.

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