View bacteriocin : Nisin A

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Accession BAC047
Name Nisin A
Related Entries Nisin ZNisin QNisin Fnisin U
Gene spaN; Synonyms=nisA
Class Lantibiotic
Producer Organism Lactococcus lactis subsp (Streptococcus lactis), lactis [Gram-positive]
Taxonomy BacteriaFirmicutesLactobacillalesStreptococcaceaeLactococcus
Target organisms active on Gram-positive bacteria: Enterococcus - Lactobacillus - Lactococcus - Leuconostoc - Listeria - clostridium
Swiss-Prot Entry P13068
PDB Entry Unknown
Other databases EMBL J04057EMBL M65089EMBL M24527EMBL X68307EMBL M27277

EMBL D00696EMBL L16226EMBL M79445PIR A31915InterPro IPR006079

InterPro IPR000446Pfam PF02052PRINTS PR00324
Description Mode of action:
Lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic). The bactericidal activity of lantibiotics is based on depolarization of energized bacterial cytoplasmic membranes, initiated by the formation of aqueous transmembrane pores.

Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr, and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor. plasmid DNA. The sequences reported are absolutely identical.
[Ref. 1] | View abstract | Export citation
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=ATCC 11454 / DSM 20729 / NCDO 496
MEDLINE=89034093;PubMed=3141403;
Buchman G.W., Banerjee S., Hansen J.N.
"Structure, expression, and evolution of a gene encoding the precursor of nisin, a small protein antibiotic.", J. Biol. Chem. 263:16260-16266(1988).

[Ref. 2] | View abstract | Export citation
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=ATCC 11454 / DSM 20729 / NCDO 496
MEDLINE=91282469;PubMed=1905517;
Steen M.T., Chung Y.J., Hansen J.N.
"Characterization of the nisin gene as part of a polycistronic operon in the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454.", Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:1181-1188(1991).

[Ref. 3] | View abstract | Export citation
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=6F3
MEDLINE=89155467;PubMed=2493449;
Kaletta C., Entian K.-D.
"Nisin, a peptide antibiotic: cloning and sequencing of the nisA gene and posttranslational processing of its peptide product.", J. Bacteriol. 171:1597-1601(1989).

[Ref. 4] | View abstract | Export citation
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=6F3
MEDLINE=93128945;PubMed=1482192;
Engelke G., Gutowski-Eckel Z., Hammelmann M., Entian K.-D.
"Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic nisin: genomic organization and membrane localization of the NisB protein.", Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:3730-3743(1992).

[Ref. 5] | View abstract | Export citation
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=NIZO R5
MEDLINE=93373937;PubMed=7689965;
Kuipers O.P., Beerthuyzen M.M., Siezen R.J., de Vos W.M.
"Characterization of the nisin gene cluster nisABTCIPR of Lactococcus lactis. Requirement of expression of the nisA and nisI genes for development of immunity.", Eur. J. Biochem. 216:281-291(1993).

[Ref. 6]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 24-57.
Gross E.
"",

[Ref. 7] | View abstract | Export citation
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 24-57.
MEDLINE=72072901;PubMed=5131162;
Gross E., Morell J.L.
"The structure of nisin.", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 93:4634-4635(1971).

[Ref. 8] | View abstract | Export citation
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=92111494;PubMed=1765078;
van de Ven F.J., van den Hooven H.W., Konings R.N.H., Hilbers C.W.
"NMR studies of lantibiotics. The structure of nisin in aqueous solution.", Eur. J. Biochem. 202:1181-1188(1991).

[Ref. 9] | View abstract | Export citation
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=92246867;PubMed=1575686;
Lian L.-Y., Chan W.C., Morley S.D., Roberts G.C.K., Bycroft B.W., Jackson D.
"Solution structures of nisin A and its two major degradation products determined by NMR.", Biochem. J. 283:413-420(1992).

[Ref. 10] | View abstract | Export citation
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=93202265;PubMed=8454055;DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(93)80065-3
van den Hooven H.W., Fogolari F., Rollema H.S., Konings R.N.H., Hilbers C.W., van de Ven F.J.
"NMR and circular dichroism studies of the lantibiotic nisin in non- aqueous environments.", FEBS Lett. 319:189-194(1993).

[Ref. 11] | View abstract | Export citation
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=93120109;PubMed=8418850;
Sailer M., Helms G.L., Henkel T., Niemczura W.P., Stiles M.E., Vederas J.C.
"15N- and 13C-labeled media from Anabaena sp. for universal isotopic labeling of bacteriocins: NMR resonance assignments of leucocin A from Leuconostoc gelidum and nisin A from Lactococcus lactis.", Biochemistry 32:310-318(1993).

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Sequence
 ........10 ........20 ........30 ........40 
          |          |          |          | 
 ITSISLCTPG CKTGALMGCN MKTATCHCSI HVSK
Wheel representation
Composition
Formula C143 H246 N42 O45 S7
Absent amino acids DEFQRWY
Common amino acids CT
Mass (Da) 3516.78
Net charge +5
Isoelectric point 8.52
Basic residues 5
Acidic residues 0
Hydrophobic residues 8
Polar residues 18
Aliphatic residues 6
Tiny residues 9
Boman Index -12.88
Hydropathy Index 0.41
Aliphatic Index 71.76
Instability Index 27.52 (stable)
Half Life Mammalian : 20 hour
Yeast : 30 min
E. coli : >10 hour
Extinction Coefficient 250 M-1 cm-1
Absorbance 280nm 7.58
Red solid plot : values according to the hydrophobicity scale of Kyte and Doolittle (reference paper).


Yellow dashed plot : Experimentally determined hydrophobicity scale for proteins at membrane interfaces(reference paper).


Green dotted-dashed plot : prediction of transmembrane helices (reference paper). In this scale (unlike the others), more negative values reflect greater hydrophobicity.

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